Install MySQL on Ubuntu 20.04: Complete Guide

MySQL plays a pivotal role in web development, powering approximately 79.6% of websites with known database systems. Its widespread adoption by leading IT companies underscores its reliability and efficiency. Ubuntu 20.04, a favored server OS, provides a robust platform to install MySQL, ensuring seamless operations. This tutorial aims to guide users through the intricate process to install MySQL on Ubuntu 20.04, empowering them to leverage this powerful database management system effectively.

Preparing the System

To ensure a smooth installation process, the system must be adequately prepared. This involves updating the package index and removing any previous configurations that might interfere with the MySQL installation.

Update Package Index

Updating the package index is a crucial initial step before installing MySQL on Ubuntu 20.04. By executing the command to update the package index, users can ensure that they have access to the latest versions of software packages available for installation.

Command to update package index

Run sudo apt update in the terminal to update the package index.

Importance of updating the package index

Keeping the package index up-to-date allows users to install software with the latest features and security patches.
It ensures that any dependencies required for MySQL installation are resolved efficiently, reducing potential errors during the process.

Remove Previous Configurations

Before proceeding with installing MySQL, it is essential to eliminate any remnants of previous configurations that might conflict with the new setup. This proactive approach helps in maintaining a clean environment for a successful MySQL installation.

Command to remove previous MySQL configurations

Execute sudo apt purge mysql-server mysql-client mysql-common mysql-server-core-* mysql-client-core-* to remove previous MySQL configurations completely.

Reasons for removing old configurations

Removing old configurations prevents potential conflicts or errors during the new installation.
It ensures a fresh start for setting up MySQL on Ubuntu 20.04, promoting a stable and efficient database management system environment.

By following these preparatory steps diligently, users can set a solid foundation for installing MySQL on Ubuntu 20.04 smoothly and effectively.

Installing MySQL

To install MySQL on Ubuntu 20.04, users can leverage the APT (Advanced Package Tool) system for a seamless setup process. Before proceeding with the installation, it is essential to ensure that the system meets the necessary requirements. These requirements are relatively modest and should be met by most modern desktop and server systems. However, depending on the intended usage and complexity of databases, additional resources may be needed for optimal performance.

Install MySQL Server

To initiate the installation of MySQL Server on Ubuntu 20.04, execute the following command in the terminal:


sudo apt install mysql-server

The installation process will prompt you to confirm by entering 'Y' to proceed with installing MySQL Server.

Explanation of the Installation Process

Once the installation command is executed, Ubuntu will download and install the necessary packages for MySQL Server.
Users will be guided through setting up their root password during the installation process to secure access to MySQL.

Configure MySQL

After successfully installing MySQL Server, users need to perform initial configuration steps to optimize its functionality.
Setting up MySQL users and assigning privileges ensures controlled access and enhances database security.

Enable MySQL Service

Enabling the auto-start feature for MySQL service on startup is crucial for ensuring continuous availability without manual intervention.
Use the following command to enable MySQL service:


sudo systemctl enable mysql

Enabling auto-start guarantees that MySQL is always running when your system boots up, ready to serve your database needs efficiently.

By following these steps diligently, users can seamlessly install MySQL on Ubuntu 20.04 and configure it optimally for their specific requirements.

Securing MySQL

Securing MySQL is paramount to safeguarding sensitive data and preventing unauthorized access. By implementing robust security measures, users can fortify their database environment against potential threats and vulnerabilities.

Set Root Password

To enhance security, setting a strong root password for MySQL is the first line of defense against unauthorized access attempts. By creating a complex password that combines letters, numbers, and special characters, users can significantly reduce the risk of breaches.

Command to set the root password

Execute the following command in the terminal to set the root password securely:


mysql_secure_installation

Importance of securing the root account

Securing the root account prevents malicious users from gaining unrestricted access to the database system.
A strong root password acts as a barrier against brute-force attacks and unauthorized data manipulation attempts.

Remove Anonymous Users

Removing anonymous users from MySQL is crucial for tightening security loopholes and minimizing potential risks associated with unidentified access points. By eliminating these anonymous accounts, users can ensure that only authenticated individuals have legitimate access to the database system.

Command to remove anonymous users

Use the following command in the terminal to remove any existing anonymous users:


DROP USER ''@'localhost';

Security implications of anonymous users

Anonymous users pose a significant security threat by providing an entry point for unauthorized individuals to exploit vulnerabilities within MySQL.
Removing these anonymous accounts mitigates the risk of unauthorized data breaches and enhances overall database security posture.

Disabling remote root login further bolsters MySQL security by restricting direct access to the root account from external sources. This proactive measure prevents potential intrusions and unauthorized activities that could compromise sensitive data stored within the database system.

Safeguard your MySQL installation by executing the following command in the terminal to disable remote root login:


UPDATE mysql.user SET Host='localhost' WHERE User='root';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Disabling remote root login minimizes attack vectors by limiting access to critical administrative functions within MySQL.
Restricting remote root login helps prevent unauthorized individuals from exploiting network vulnerabilities to gain control over the database server.

By adhering to these stringent security practices, users can fortify their MySQL installation on Ubuntu 20.04 and uphold data integrity while mitigating cybersecurity risks effectively.

Verifying the Installation

Check MySQL Version

To ensure the successful installation of MySQL on Ubuntu 20.04, users must verify the version installed on their system. This step is crucial in confirming that the correct MySQL version is running, aligning with the intended setup requirements.

Command to check MySQL version

Execute mysql --version in the terminal to display the installed MySQL version.

Ensuring the correct version is installed

Verifying the MySQL version guarantees that users have the appropriate features and functionalities available for their database management tasks.
Confirming the correct version also ensures compatibility with applications and tools that rely on specific MySQL versions.

Start MySQL Shell

Once users have confirmed the installation and version of MySQL, they can proceed to interact with their databases using the MySQL shell. Starting the MySQL shell provides a command-line interface for executing SQL queries and managing databases effectively.

Command to start MySQL shell

Access the MySQL shell by running /usr/bin/mysql -u root -p in the terminal.

Basic SQL commands to test the installation

Upon entering the MySQL shell, users can execute basic SQL commands such as SHOW DATABASES; to list available databases.
Testing simple queries like SELECT * FROM table_name; enables users to verify data retrieval functionality within their databases.

By following these steps to check the MySQL version and start the MySQL shell, users can confirm a successful installation and begin utilizing MySQL for their data management needs efficiently.

Enhancing MySQL security is paramount for safeguarding sensitive data and upholding information integrity. By following best practices, organizations can fortify their MySQL databases against security breaches effectively. Proactive security measures extend beyond the initial setup, emphasizing the significance of ongoing monitoring and auditing to ensure continuous protection. Securing the MySQL server deployment is a critical step in fortifying the overall system security. Implementing robust security protocols, such as configuring strong passwords and user permissions, bolsters the MySQL setup and mitigates potential vulnerabilities efficiently.